BLOG POST #4: Formal Analysis of "The Course of Empire: Desolation" by Thomas Cole

The fifth painting in Thomas Cole's series entitled The Course of Empire, Desolation, is one that I find particularly aesthetically pleasing, which may be strange considering that it depicts the remnants of a once rich and thriving civilization. In this particular picture, there are several ruins: an old bridge (or and aqueduct, perhaps), a temple, a large Corinthian column, and several other now indistinguishable structures. In addition to these symbols of decay, however, are symbols of new life beginning to thrive. Atop the pillar in the foreground sits a small bird in its nest; a lizard can be seen plastered to the side as well. Ducks are swimming in the bay and more birds soar both just above the surface and high in the sky. A crane stares at its reflection in the water, perhaps a symbol of the importance of an empire's need to self-reflect in order to check its flaws and attempt to prevent its downfall.

The moon hangs low in the twilight sky. It, along with the rest of the sky and water are the focal point of the painting, indicating that Cole wants the viewer to see nature as the most important aspect. The ruins are positioned around the edges of the painting because they of less importance and are being forgotten, as they are being consumed by the natural landscape.

The overall setting of the painting has a tone of tranquility and serenity despite the fact that it essentially depicts an architectural graveyard. In the foreground sits the lone Corinthian column, which perfectly embodies the theme of the artwork as a whole. It is a ruin, a symbol of loss and destruction, being reclaimed by live (the bird, lizard, and vines), a representation of Cole's belief in the cyclical view of empire. The lighting is bright in order to draw more attention to it and the new life that has planted itself atop the pillar. In the background is the remainder of the once great empire, now a mere conglomeration of shambles. The trees and overgrowth are shaded very dark to express their overpowering and all-consuming nature.

There are varying styles of lines utilized by the artist in this picture. Straight lines are used to create the pillars and bricks in the arches along with the strokes of water. Curved lines are used for the arches and designs in the Corinthian column, and the circular shape of the moon. Abstract/special lines are also used by Cole to create the plants, clouds, and animals.

Thomas Cole also uses darker color tones to create a semi-somber appearance. He uses dark shades for the foliage that covers the ruins. He also utilizes lighter, dusty shades of blue and turquoise for the sky and water, giving them a tranquil vibe, making this final painting a great conclusion to the life cycle of an empire.